Universal Variable in Predicate Logic
A universal variable, bound by a universal quantifier (∀), represents any and…
Truth-Value Gaps: When Statements Aren’t True or False
A truth-value gap occurs when a statement lacks a definitive true or…
Truth Predicate
A truth predicate assigns truth to propositions, central to Tarski's semantic theory.…
Paradox: When Logic and Intuition Collide
A paradox presents a statement or situation that appears self-contradictory, defying common…
Inverse Operations and Functions
An inverse operation or function precisely undoes the action of another. It's…
What is an Invalid Argument?
An invalid argument is one where the conclusion does not logically follow…
Inconsistent Arithmetic: When Logic Fails
Inconsistent arithmetic refers to a mathematical system where contradictions can be proven,…