Topos Theory: A Generalized Set Theory
Topos theory generalizes set theory using abstract frameworks. It defines mathematical structures…
Skolem Paradox
The Skolem paradox highlights a contradiction between intuition and the Skolem-Lowenheim theorem.…
Sequent Calculus: A Formal System for Logical Deduction
Sequent calculus is a formal system representing logical deductions. It uses sequences…
Second-Order Logic Explained
Second-order logic enhances first-order logic by enabling quantification over predicates and relations,…
Satisfaction in Model Theory
Satisfaction in model theory describes the relationship between a structure and a…
Robinson Arithmetic
Robinson arithmetic is a simplified version of Peano arithmetic, omitting the induction…