Understanding Symmetry in Binary Relations
Symmetry in binary relations means if A is related to B, then…
Super-True Propositions in Supervaluational Semantics
Super-true propositions are central to supervaluational semantics. They remain true regardless of…
Subalternation in Logic
Subalternation describes how a universal statement's truth guarantees the truth of its…
S4 Modal Logic System
S4 is a modal logic system defined by reflexivity and transitivity axioms…
Obverse in Traditional Logic
The obverse is a logical operation that negates a proposition's predicate and…
The Indispensability Argument in Philosophy of Mathematics
This argument posits that if mathematical entities are essential for our most…
Exclusive OR (XOR)
Exclusive OR (XOR) is a logical operation that outputs true when inputs…
Counterfactual Conditional
A counterfactual conditional is an 'if...then...' statement about something that did not…
Conditional Probability
Conditional probability measures the likelihood of an event happening, given that another…
Combinator in Combinatory Logic
A combinator is a fundamental function or expression in combinatory logic. It…