Understanding Subject Complements
A subject complement is a word or phrase that follows a linking verb and renames or describes the subject of the sentence. It is essential for completing the meaning of sentences with linking verbs like ‘to be,’ ‘to seem,’ and ‘to become.’
Key Concepts
There are two main types of subject complements:
- Predicate Nominative: A noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and renames the subject. Example: Sarah is a doctor.
- Predicate Adjective: An adjective that follows a linking verb and describes the subject. Example: The sky is blue.
Deep Dive
Linking verbs connect the subject to information about it. Unlike action verbs, they don’t show an action. The subject complement provides crucial information about the subject’s identity or state of being.
Common Linking Verbs:
- Forms of ‘to be’ (is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been)
- Sensory verbs (look, sound, smell, taste, feel)
- Verbs of state (seem, appear, become, remain, grow, stay)
Applications
Subject complements are fundamental in constructing clear and descriptive sentences across all forms of writing, from simple statements to complex literary works.
Challenges & Misconceptions
A common confusion is with direct objects. A direct object receives the action of an action verb, while a subject complement follows a linking verb and renames or describes the subject.
FAQs
Q: What is the difference between a subject complement and a direct object?
A: A subject complement follows a linking verb and describes/renames the subject. A direct object follows an action verb and receives the action.
Q: Can a phrase be a subject complement?
A: Yes, a prepositional phrase or even an infinitive phrase can function as a subject complement.