Platonism in Philosophy of Mathematics
Platonism asserts that abstract mathematical objects, like numbers and sets, possess an objective existence independent of our minds. This view grounds mathematics in a realm of eternal, unchanging truths.
Philosophy of Logic
The philosophy of logic explores the fundamental nature, assumptions, and implications of logical systems. It scrutinizes the very tools we use for reasoning and truth.
Philosophical Logic
Philosophical logic explores the theoretical underpinnings of logic, delving into concepts like reference, modality, quantification, and the fundamental structure of propositions and arguments. It bridges logic and philosophy.
Philonian Conditional
The Philonian conditional, also known as the material conditional, is a key concept in propositional logic. It formalizes 'if...then...' statements, focusing on truth values rather than causality.
Petitio Principii (Begging the Question)
Petitio principii, or begging the question, is an informal fallacy where the argument's conclusion is already assumed within its premises. It's a circular reasoning error that invalidates the argument's logical…
Persuasive Definition: Shaping Perceptions Through Language
A persuasive definition embeds an evaluative component to influence attitudes or stir emotions, commonly found in ethical and political discourse to sway public opinion.
Permutation Invariant
A property of a function or relation that stays the same regardless of the order of its input elements. Essential for handling unordered data in machine learning and computer science.
Permutation: Exchanging Formulas in Logic
Permutation is a structural rule in logic that enables the exchange of two formulas on the same side of an implication arrow. This rule preserves logical equivalence.
Peirce’s Law
Peirce's law, ((P → Q) → P) → P, is a fundamental principle in logic. It is valid in classical logic but not in intuitionistic logic, named after Charles Sanders…
Peano Arithmetic
A formal system of arithmetic using axioms by Giuseppe Peano, it provides a foundational basis for the theory of natural numbers and their properties.