Understanding Tag Questions
Tag questions are a common feature in spoken English, used to confirm information or to engage the listener. They transform a statement into a question.
Key Concepts
- Structure: Typically formed with an auxiliary verb (or modal) and a pronoun.
- Polarity: If the statement is positive, the tag is usually negative, and vice versa.
- Purpose: Seeking confirmation, inviting agreement, or expressing surprise.
Deep Dive
The auxiliary verb in the tag must match the auxiliary verb in the main clause. If no auxiliary is present, do/does/did is used. The pronoun must match the subject of the main clause.
She is happy, isn't she?
They can swim, can't they?
He likes pizza, doesn't he?Applications
Tag questions are essential for natural-sounding conversation. They help build rapport and ensure understanding between speakers. They are frequently used in informal settings.
Challenges & Misconceptions
Common errors include incorrect verb or pronoun agreement, or using the wrong polarity. Misunderstanding the intonation can also change the intended meaning from seeking confirmation to expressing disbelief.
FAQs
Q: What if the main verb is ‘to be’?
A: Use the ‘to be’ verb in the tag. You are late, aren’t you?
Q: What about modal verbs?
A: Use the same modal verb. We should go, shouldn’t we?
Q: What if there’s no auxiliary verb in the statement?
A: Use do/does/did. You saw him, didn’t you?