Petitio principii, or begging the question, is an informal fallacy where the argument's conclusion is already assumed within its premises.…
A property of a function or relation that stays the same regardless of the order of its input elements. Essential…
The open pair paradox involves two statements that contradict each other, creating a logical loop. It highlights challenges in self-referential…
Explore non-commutative logic, where operation order matters, unlike classical logic's commutative properties. Understand its implications for computation, reasoning, and formal…
Monadic predicate logic, a subset of first-order logic, focuses on predicates with a single argument. It's used to express properties…
Monadic first-order logic simplifies first-order logic by using only predicates with a single argument. This focuses on the properties of…
Material consequence links statements where the truth of one guarantees the truth of another based on content, not just logical…
Logical consequence describes the relationship where true premises guarantee a true conclusion due to the statements' logical structure. It's fundamental…
An injective function, or one-to-one function, ensures that each output value corresponds to a unique input value. This fundamental concept…
Infix notation places operators between operands, like 2 + 3. It's intuitive for humans but requires parsing rules (precedence, associativity)…