A universal variable, bound by a universal quantifier (∀), represents any and all individuals within the domain of discourse in…
A truth-value gap occurs when a statement lacks a definitive true or false designation. This often arises from vagueness or…
A truth predicate assigns truth to propositions, central to Tarski's semantic theory. It grapples with the nature of truth and…
A paradox presents a statement or situation that appears self-contradictory, defying common sense and challenging our fundamental understanding of logic,…
The matrix is the quantifier-free part of a formula after it's converted to prenex normal form. It's the core propositional…
A logical paradox is a statement or set of statements that results in a contradiction or defies intuition. It often…
An inverse operation or function precisely undoes the action of another. It's like having a 'rewind' button for mathematical processes,…
An invalid argument is one where the conclusion does not logically follow from its premises, even if the premises are…
Inconsistent arithmetic refers to a mathematical system where contradictions can be proven, violating the fundamental principle of consistency. This makes…
A Henkin sentence is a self-referential statement that asserts its own provability within a formal system. It's a foundational concept…