A justification relation explains why a claim or statement is true or valid. It involves providing evidence, reasoning, or grounds…
Psychometrics is the science of measuring mental capacities and differences. Quantitative psychology applies mathematical and statistical methods to psychological phenomena,…
Logic is the systematic study of valid reasoning and correct inference. It provides the tools and principles to distinguish between…
An argument that fails to guarantee its conclusion due to either an invalid logical structure or at least one false…
A syllogistic mood defines a syllogism's type based on the categorical propositions (universal affirmative, negative; particular affirmative, negative) of its…
The syllogistic figure defines a syllogism's structure based on the middle term's placement. There are four distinct figures, each impacting…
A syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning featuring a major premise, minor premise, and conclusion. It's a cornerstone of…
The semantic tableau method is a systematic proof technique in logic. It employs a tree structure to analyze the truth…
A fundamental principle in formal logic that permits substituting logically equivalent expressions within proofs. This ensures the argument's validity is…
The philosophy of logic explores the fundamental nature, assumptions, and implications of logical systems. It scrutinizes the very tools we…