The existential quantifier (∃) in predicate logic asserts that at least one element within a domain satisfies a given predicate.…
De dicto refers to how a statement attributes a property to a noun phrase as a whole. This contrasts with…
A countermodel reveals an argument's invalidity by constructing a scenario where all premises hold true, yet the conclusion is demonstrably…
A conjunction, often represented by 'and', is a logical connective. It asserts that two or more statements are true simultaneously,…
Conditionalization forms a conditional statement from an argument. Its antecedent is the conjunction of premises, and its consequent is the…
A conditional proof is a logical technique used to establish a conditional statement. It involves assuming the antecedent and deducing…
Combinatory terms are fundamental to combinatory logic, a system for exploring computation and function abstraction. They are built using combinators,…
Coextensive describes concepts or terms that share the same scope or range, applying to the exact same set of objects.…
Bayes' theorem is a fundamental concept in probability theory. It provides a mathematical way to update the probability of a…
An accessibility relation in modal logic defines the connections between possible worlds in a model. It dictates which worlds are…