An object language is the system or language under examination. It's distinct from the metalanguage, which is used to discuss…
Negation Normal Form (NNF) is a standard way to represent logical formulas. In NNF, negations only apply to atomic propositions,…
Language is a fundamental human communication system for cooperation, expressing ideas, and emotions. It encompasses natural and formal systems, crucial…
Inclusive first-order logic is a flexible variant that permits empty domains, unlike standard first-order logic which mandates at least one…
Free logic is a formal system that permits terms without existing referents, unlike classical logic, which presumes all terms denote…
The definiendum is the specific term or phrase that a definition aims to explain. It's the subject of the definition,…
Deductivism champions logical deduction as the foremost path to knowledge and reasoning. It prioritizes deriving specific conclusions from general principles,…
The Serious Fraud Office (SFO) is the UK's specialist agency tackling the largest and most complex cases of fraud, bribery,…
The primary discount rate is the interest rate at which commercial banks can borrow money directly from the central bank.…
Central banks use open-market operations to manage the money supply and influence interest rates by buying or selling government securities.…