Explore Stephen Cole Kleene's three-valued logic system, K3. It introduces an 'undefined' truth value alongside true and false, offering a…
Independence-Friendly (IF) logic extends first-order logic, enabling richer expressions of quantifier scope and dependence. It's particularly useful in game-theoretical semantics…
A hypothetical construct in modal logic, the impossible world represents a state of affairs that cannot possibly exist. It's a…
Henkin semantics offers a flexible alternative to standard first-order semantics, allowing quantifiers to range over restricted domains within models. This…
A distinct intuitionistic logic, Gödel-Dummett logic incorporates a principle of maximal elements. This allows it to articulate specific intermediate truth…
A truth-value glut arises in formal semantics when a theory assigns multiple truth values to a single sentence, often due…
A sentence type probing philosophy of language and logic. It highlights issues of context-dependence, referential opacity, and the boundaries of…
Game-theoretic semantics interprets linguistic meaning via games between verifier and falsifier. It focuses on the interactive process used to establish…
Free logic is a formal system that permits terms without existing referents, unlike classical logic, which presumes all terms denote…
Formal semantics explores the connection between formal systems, particularly in logic and linguistics, and their conceptual or referential meanings. It…