A philosophical puzzle in language and logic, the Caesar problem questions if mathematical concepts like 'successor' can apply to non-mathematical…
A collection of paradoxes and logical exercises attributed to Jean Buridan, challenging logical and linguistic intuitions. These sophismata explore complex…
Branching quantifiers express complex dependencies between quantified variables, going beyond linear quantification. They allow for more intricate logical relationships and…
A bounded quantifier restricts its scope to a defined domain or set, unlike universal quantifiers. It's crucial for specifying conditions…
A bound variable is a symbol within a logical formula that is governed by a quantifier. It's essential for defining…
The bottom symbol (⊥), also known as the symbol for contradiction or absurdity, is a fundamental concept in logic. It…
Boolean negation flips the truth value of a proposition. If a statement is true, its negation is false, and vice…
An atomic formula is the most basic building block in formal logic. It's a predicate symbol applied to a sequence…
Assertion is a fundamental principle in logic, also known as pseudo modus ponens. It states that if A is true…
Arity defines the number of arguments or operands a function, operation, or relation accepts. In logic, it specifies the number…