The liar paradox is a self-referential statement that asserts its own falsity. If true, it must be false; if false,…
Independence-Friendly (IF) logic extends first-order logic, enabling richer expressions of quantifier scope and dependence. It's particularly useful in game-theoretical semantics…
Imperative logic is a formal system for analyzing commands and imperatives, differing from traditional logic focused on declarative statements. It…
A Henkin sentence is a self-referential statement that asserts its own provability within a formal system. It's a foundational concept…
The Grelling paradox explores self-reference in language. It questions whether the word 'heterological' (not describing itself) applies to itself, leading…
A sentence type probing philosophy of language and logic. It highlights issues of context-dependence, referential opacity, and the boundaries of…
An epistemic paradox challenges our fundamental understanding of knowledge and belief. It arises from seemingly sound reasoning leading to contradictory…
Dialethic logic, a philosophical approach, challenges the traditional law of non-contradiction by accepting the possibility of true contradictions. It explores…
Curry's paradox is a logical paradox that emerges from self-referential statements asserting their own unprovability. It challenges the consistency of…
Connexive logic explores the principles of connection between propositions, focusing on relationships like a statement and its contrapositive. It aims…