Explore non-commutative logic, where operation order matters, unlike classical logic's commutative properties. Understand its implications for computation, reasoning, and formal…
The necessitation rule in modal logic states that if a proposition is provable (a theorem), then its necessity is also…
Natural deduction is a system of logical inference that aims to emulate human reasoning. It uses introduction and elimination rules…
Multivalent logic, also known as many-valued logic, extends classical binary logic by incorporating more than two truth values. This allows…
Monotonicity is a property that preserves order. In logic, it means adding premises doesn't invalidate existing conclusions. In functions, it…
Monotonic logic ensures that adding new information never invalidates existing conclusions. This property guarantees that derived truths remain valid as…
The matrix is the quantifier-free part of a formula after it's converted to prenex normal form. It's the core propositional…
Mathematical logic is the study of logic within mathematical reasoning. It explores the formal properties of logical systems, proving theorems,…
A mechanical device designed to perform formal logic operations. Examples include the Stanhope Demonstrator and Jevon's logic piano, showcasing early…
Linear logic treats logical operations as resource-consuming, unlike classical logic's reusable assumptions. It's a subfield of logic focusing on resource…