An evaluation relation defines how the value of an expression is determined. It specifies the rules for reducing expressions to…
A weak counterexample in intuitionistic logic signifies a lack of positive evidence for an instance of the law of excluded…
Explore three-valued logic, which expands beyond traditional true/false to include a third truth value like 'unknown' or 'indeterminate'. This system…
Substructural logics are non-classical systems that alter or remove structural rules of classical logic, like relevance and linear logic, impacting…
A sublogic is a logical system that forms a subset of a more extensive logic. It preserves certain operations and…
Strong Kleene connectives are logical operators in three-valued logic designed by Stephen Cole Kleene. They handle indeterminate or undefined values,…
S4 is a modal logic system defined by reflexivity and transitivity axioms for its accessibility relation. This system implies that…
A powerful logical system merging predicate logic with functors. It enhances the representation of properties and relations, offering greater expressiveness…
A predicate functor in logic is a symbol acting as a function, mapping individuals or tuples to truth values. It's…
A standardized method for structuring logical formulas like CNF or DNF. Normal forms simplify logical expressions, aiding in analysis, comparison,…