Multi-modal logic extends classical modal logic by integrating multiple distinct types of modalities. It handles variations in necessity, possibility, knowledge,…
Modal operators like necessity (◻) and possibility (◊) alter a statement's truth value, indicating whether it must be true or…
Explore systems beyond binary true/false. Many-valued logic incorporates additional truth values to represent uncertainty, indeterminacy, and nuanced degrees of truth…
A cornerstone of classical logic, the law of non-contradiction asserts that a statement and its negation cannot both be true…
Mathematics built on intuitionistic logic, prioritizing constructive proofs and avoiding non-constructive axioms like the law of excluded middle. It emphasizes…
Intuitionism is a philosophy of mathematics that questions the existence of the mathematical infinite and the completeness of mathematical truth.…
A logic focusing on meaning beyond mere truth values, exploring concepts like belief, necessity, and possibility. It distinguishes between logically…
Independence-Friendly (IF) logic extends first-order logic, enabling richer expressions of quantifier scope and dependence. It's particularly useful in game-theoretical semantics…
A distinct intuitionistic logic, Gödel-Dummett logic incorporates a principle of maximal elements. This allows it to articulate specific intermediate truth…
Glivenko's theorem in logic connects classical and intuitionistic systems. It states that any formula provable in classical logic is also…