Satisfiability determines if a logical formula can be true under any interpretation. It's a fundamental concept in computer science, forming…
A standardized method for structuring logical formulas like CNF or DNF. Normal forms simplify logical expressions, aiding in analysis, comparison,…
Negation Normal Form (NNF) is a standard way to represent logical formulas. In NNF, negations only apply to atomic propositions,…
A mechanical device designed to perform formal logic operations. Examples include the Stanhope Demonstrator and Jevon's logic piano, showcasing early…
A first-order theory formalizes mathematical reasoning using first-order logic. It defines relationships between individuals, properties, and relations, forming the foundation…
A technique in mathematical logic to remove quantifiers from formulas, preserving logical equivalence. Crucial in theories like real closed fields…
An effectively decidable relation is one where a mechanical method can definitively determine if a pair of elements satisfies the…
A theory with a decision procedure, allowing algorithmic determination of truth or falsehood for any statement within its framework. This…
Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) is a standardized way to represent logical formulas. It expresses a formula as a conjunction (AND)…