The vicious circle principle safeguards against circular definitions and arguments. It ensures that a concept is not defined using itself…
A valuation assigns semantic values, like truth values, to formulas in a formal language. It's essentially an interpretation, crucial for…
Universal elimination is a fundamental rule of inference in predicate logic. It permits inferring a specific instance from a general…
Alfred Tarski's truth schema, often stated as ''P'' is true if and only if P, provides a foundational definition of…
A surjection, or onto function, ensures every element in the target set is reached by at least one element from…
The suppressed evidence fallacy occurs when an argument deliberately omits crucial information, leading to a skewed perspective and potentially invalid…
Strong induction strengthens the inductive hypothesis, allowing the assumption that the proposition holds for all smaller cases. This powerful technique…
A strict conditional is a logical implication where the truth of the antecedent necessitates the truth of the consequent. It's…
The Sorites paradox, or paradox of the heap, arises from vague predicates. It demonstrates how a chain of seemingly logical…
A cornerstone of computable function theory, the S-M-N theorem offers a way to create specific computable functions from general ones,…