Gödel numbering assigns unique natural numbers to symbols, formulas, and proofs in formal systems. This allows mathematical statements to be…
Glivenko's theorem in logic connects classical and intuitionistic systems. It states that any formula provable in classical logic is also…
The gambler's fallacy is the mistaken belief that past random events influence future ones. This cognitive bias often leads to…
A function is a fundamental mathematical concept establishing a precise relationship between sets. It ensures each input from the first…
Frege's theorem establishes that arithmetic is reducible to logic. It demonstrates how basic arithmetic principles can be derived from logical…
A sequence of numbers where each element is chosen without any predetermined rule or algorithm. It's a concept central to…
A formal system is a set of symbols and rules for manipulating them, used to derive statements or theorems in…
A formal proof is a rigorous demonstration of truth within a formal system. Each step is precisely justified by a…
A formal language is a set of strings built using specific rules. It's crucial in mathematics, computer science, and logic…
A fixed point is a value that remains unchanged when a specific function or operation is applied to it. This…