The matrix is the quantifier-free part of a formula after it's converted to prenex normal form. It's the core propositional…
Mathematical logic is the study of logic within mathematical reasoning. It explores the formal properties of logical systems, proving theorems,…
Mathematical induction is a powerful proof technique for natural numbers. It involves proving a base case and then demonstrating that…
Explore systems beyond binary true/false. Many-valued logic incorporates additional truth values to represent uncertainty, indeterminacy, and nuanced degrees of truth…
Many-sorted logic enhances first-order logic by introducing multiple domains. Variables and quantifiers are typed, specifying the sort of objects they…
A logical theorem is a statement proven true within a formal system. It relies on axioms and inference rules, representing…
A logical paradox is a statement or set of statements that results in a contradiction or defies intuition. It often…
Logical connectives are symbols or words linking propositions to form complex statements. They define relationships like 'and', 'or', 'not', and…
A specialized field of logic focusing on the properties, composition, and inversion of relations, and their interplay with logical operators.…
Erotetic logic, also known as the logic of questions and answers, formalizes the study of interrogatives and their answers. It…