A formal system for natural language syntax modeling, rooted in categorial grammar. It focuses on operations and types to analyze…
A formal system for computation based on function abstraction and application. It uses variable binding and substitution to express computation,…
A Kripke structure is a mathematical model representing systems with multiple states and transitions. It's fundamental to Kripke semantics in…
A formal framework for modal logic using possible worlds. Developed by Saul Kripke, it enables rigorous analysis of necessity, possibility,…
A logic designed for higher-order quantification and modalities. It emerged from discussions on the foundations of mathematics by Kreisel and…
A paradox in epistemic logic concerning self-reference, where a statement claims its own unprovability or unknowability, leading to logical contradictions.
A paradox where the truth of a statement implies its knowability. This epistemic puzzle, particularly in modal logic, raises questions…
Knights are characters in logic puzzles who always tell the truth. They are fundamental elements in scenarios designed to test…
In logic puzzles, knaves are characters who always lie. They are central to the 'knights and knaves' puzzle type, requiring…
Kleene connectives extend classical logic with a third truth value (undefined/unknown). They are crucial for handling indeterminate propositions and are…